Full metadata record
| DC Field | Value | Language |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor | School of Fashion and Textiles | en_US |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Fan, Jintu (SFT) | en_US |
| dc.creator | Wang, Lijun | - |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://theses.lib.polyu.edu.hk/handle/200/14610 | - |
| dc.language | English | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Hong Kong Polytechnic University | en_US |
| dc.rights | All rights reserved | en_US |
| dc.title | Development of smart functional disposable diapers | en_US |
| dcterms.abstract | This study aims to develop smart functional disposable diapers through innovation in two aspects: the development of diapers with next-to-skin moisture-adaptive embossment and the development of a real-time urine monitoring sensor for diapers. | en_US |
| dcterms.abstract | Infants and geriatric individuals typically necessitate the use of diapers to manage excretory waste, including urine and feces, due to unregulated excretion and limited bathroom mobility. Prolonged contact with moisture and fecal matter has been identified as a primary factor contributing to diaper dermatitis. Large contact areas between the skin and the diaper surface can lead to dampness and coldness discomfort sensations due to reduced breathability and excessive moisture transfer to the skin. The embossing patterns on the diaper's next-to-skin surface can reduce the contact area and decrease the risk of dermatitis. Current surface embossing designs of baby diapers have limitations in addressing issues related to prolonged usage, lack of support under body pressure, and insufficient reduction of skin contact with the surface layer. This research reports on the development of a novel moisture-adaptive embossed surface layer through the embedment of a moisture absorbing hydrogel [viz. acrylic acid-co-sodium acrylate (AA-co-SA)] in the embossing structure. | en_US |
| dcterms.abstract | The research found that AA-co-SA hydrogel with 0.25 wt% crosslinker concentration and 60% neutralization degree showed the best volume expansion and compression properties. This hydrogel in synthetic urine can achieve a 20-fold volume increase. Its urine responsive speed and compression resistance performance satisfied the demand as the support material in the embossment of diaper. After that, this study created a moisture-sensitive dynamic embossing structure incorporated of selected hydrogel. The incorporation of AA-co-SA hydrogel in embossments successfully provided support to withstand pressure and reduced the contact area between skin and diaper surface. The designed surface layer exhibited superior thermal and moisture performance compared to the selected commercial products, reducing moisture transfer to the skin and providing wearers with a drier and warmer sensation. | en_US |
| dcterms.abstract | Most commercially available diapers lack intelligent urine management functions, requiring users and caregivers to rely on frequent manual inspections to determine replacement needs. The lack of timely urine monitoring increases caregiver burden, risks moisture-related complications, and leads to resource waste from premature diaper changes. The existing urine sensors required integrated power and signal transmission modules, increasing device size and wearing burden. The sensors based on signal strength variation of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology can achieve monitoring urine volume without additional signal transmission and power modules. However, existing RFID sensors cannot perform real-time volumetric monitoring at extended read ranges while eliminating the influence of motion-induced variations on signal transmission. | en_US |
| dcterms.abstract | This research developed a real-time urine volume monitoring sensor for diapers based on RFID technology. The designed tag antenna, adopting an embroidered net structure, with optimized dimensions of T-match structure, achieved high sensitivity and stable signal strength attenuation behavior in relation to urine volume. An embroidered dual-tag sensor was designed to eliminate the effect of motion-induced variations on signal transmission. A prediction model was constructed, with 97.5% and 94.6% prediction accuracy for read distance and urine volume, respectively. The designed sensor resolved conventional diapers' inability to quantify urine output, enhancing nursing efficiency and intelligent care capabilities. | en_US |
| dcterms.abstract | These findings provide valuable insights into the development of ergonomic and functional disposable diapers. The concept of moisture-adaptive embossments could inspire further innovations in diaper design and potentially extend to other personal care and medical textile applications. The designed real-time monitoring sensor exhibits advantages include passive operation, low cost, and synchronous multi-tag remote monitoring, enabling deployment across diverse scenarios including hospitals, nursing homes, and homecare environments. | en_US |
| dcterms.extent | xxii, 165 pages : color illustrations | en_US |
| dcterms.isPartOf | PolyU Electronic Theses | en_US |
| dcterms.issued | 2026 | en_US |
| dcterms.educationalLevel | Ph.D. | en_US |
| dcterms.educationalLevel | All Doctorate | en_US |
| dcterms.accessRights | open access | en_US |
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